- Title
- Paringin pit lake at coal mine site, Indonesia: a sustainable post-mining pit lake model
- Creator
- Triwibowo, Didik; Elma, Muthia; Suhartono, Eko; Riduan, Rony; Suhernomo,; Roberts, Tim; Noor, Ihsan
- Relation
- Derelict Mines: Environmental Risk Assessment and Management p. 121-143
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141855-8
- Publisher
- CRC Press
- Resource Type
- book chapter
- Date
- 2025
- Description
- The coal and mineral mining sector play a crucial role in driving Indonesia's national economic growth, but it also causes a lot of environmental damage which has ramifications for society. Open-pit coal mining operations reshape the landscape, resulting in voids and hills formed by waste materials. These voids typically fill with water from various sources, creating post-mining lakes, also known as pit lakes, which can serve as constructed wetlands if remediated properly. For those post-mining lakes located upstream with consistent inflow, they can serve as water sources for downstream rivers and serve as models for sustainable post-mining lakes and revived ecosystems. Sustainable pit lakes exhibit active hydrological processes, near-neutral water pH, low Total Suspended Solids (TSS), minimal trace metal concentrations and stable Dissolved Oxygen levels suitable for aquaculture. Paringin Pit Lake emerges as a prominent example of a well-maintained pit lake that originated from a former coal mine open pit in Indonesia. It can function as an ecosystem and deliver socio-economic benefits to nearby communities. Key factors for creating healthy pit lakes from former coal mining sites include establishing a stable void shape for pit wall slope stability. This involves managing responsibly Potentially Acid Forming (PAF) waste materials with Non-Acid Forming (NAF) materials, in order to prevent Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). What also needs to be implemented is progressive revegetation in the pit lake's catchment area to reduce erosion and sedimentation from rainfall runoff, ultimately producing smaller TSS concentrations in the pit lake's inflow. By adhering to these standards, pit lakes can have diversified and productive uses in the future, including eco-tourism and freshwater fishery activities.
- Subject
- coal and mineral mining; Indonesia; post-mining lakes; sustainable post-mining lakes; sustainable pit lake
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1520490
- Identifier
- uon:57482
- Identifier
- ISBN:9781315141855
- Language
- eng
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